University of Isfahan Urban Economics 2588-4867 4 1 2019 08 23 An Application of Grounded Theory in Identifying Mental Patterns for Housing Demand in Tabriz: (A Cognitive Science Approach) An Application of Grounded Theory in Identifying Mental Patterns for Housing Demand in Tabriz: (A Cognitive Science Approach) 1 24 24334 10.22108/ue.2019.115718.1104 FA Parviz Mohammad Zadeh PhD Student in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Business, University of Tabriz, Iran Mehdi Shirafkan Lamssu PhD in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management, and Business, University of Tabriz, Iran Davoud Behboudi PhD in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management, and Business, University of Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2019 02 27 Choosing optimal housing is one of the most important challenges people face in demand for housing. Despite the general agreement on the importance of the budget constraint’ role on housing choice, no comprehensive model for evaluating all demand determining factors has been introduced and no clear theoretical explanation has been made. Considering the central role of budget constraint, behavioral and control factors in determining housing demand, this research seeks to explain the mental pattern of rental and consumer demand for housing in Tabriz using the approach of cognitive and behavioral sciences. Regarding this, the study was carried out within the framework of qualitative approach, using grounded theory. A multi-nominal Logit regression was used in order to analyze the impacts of identified factors. Data gathering tools were semi-structured interviews with 12 experts in housing discussions, using a purposive sampling methodology. Data analysis was performed in three steps: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding upon which our qualitative model was designed. Our study resulted in extraction of more than 250 codes, along with an inventory of more than 20 concepts and 4 categories,which are presented in the form of a paradigmatic model including budget constraints as the axial category and causal conditions (as underlying reasons for choices), underlying factors (Physical factors), and intervening conditions (behavioral and control factors). The results of estimating the Logit model indicate that individuals consider not only the budget but also all aspects of decision making to choose a residential location, but the importance of each factor is different. Choosing optimal housing is one of the most important challenges people face in demand for housing. Despite the general agreement on the importance of the budget constraint’ role on housing choice, no comprehensive model for evaluating all demand determining factors has been introduced and no clear theoretical explanation has been made. Considering the central role of budget constraint, behavioral and control factors in determining housing demand, this research seeks to explain the mental pattern of rental and consumer demand for housing in Tabriz using the approach of cognitive and behavioral sciences. Regarding this, the study was carried out within the framework of qualitative approach, using grounded theory. A multi-nominal Logit regression was used in order to analyze the impacts of identified factors. Data gathering tools were semi-structured interviews with 12 experts in housing discussions, using a purposive sampling methodology. Data analysis was performed in three steps: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding upon which our qualitative model was designed. Our study resulted in extraction of more than 250 codes, along with an inventory of more than 20 concepts and 4 categories,which are presented in the form of a paradigmatic model including budget constraints as the axial category and causal conditions (as underlying reasons for choices), underlying factors (Physical factors), and intervening conditions (behavioral and control factors). The results of estimating the Logit model indicate that individuals consider not only the budget but also all aspects of decision making to choose a residential location, but the importance of each factor is different.

https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_24334_b64ce8fdde3a6f7625f72d275bbcd89c.pdf

University of Isfahan Urban Economics 2588-4867 4 1 2019 08 23 Investigating the Pattern of Residence of Immigrants and its Relationship with Slum area and urban poverty in metropolises Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis Investigating the Pattern of Residence of Immigrants and its Relationship with Slum area and urban poverty in metropolises Case Study: Mashhad Metropolis 25 40 24745 10.22108/ue.2020.115485.1115 FA Hossein Farhadikhah Ph.D. Candidate of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Hossein Hataminejad Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Aref Shahi Ph.D. Student of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 05 19 Migration has always been existed between human settlements at every level. But this issue has intensified in Iran after the 1960s and has increased in the following decades for various reasons, especially economic factors and climate change. The destination of these immigrants were often the metropolises of the country. Mashhad is one of the major metropolises that has always been attractive to the immigrant population, especially from the eastern half of the country. One of the dimensions of migration is immigrant’s accommodation pattern in the destination cities which can affect service delivery, quality of urban environments and even socio-economic context of the city. This study as an applied research is trying to investigate immigrant’s accommodation pattern in Mashhad metropolis and also its relation with marginalization and urban poverty using Descriptive Analysis. According to the results, immigrant’s accommodation pattern in Mashhad is clustered and south-west (regions 9, 10 and 11) and also north-east area (region 3, and region 4 and 2 to some extent) have been immigrant absorbent clusters in Mashhad megacity. Also the results indicate that the immigrants’ residential locations doesn’t match perfectly with city’ margins and there is no meaningful relationship between urban poverty and immigrants’ accommodation pattern. Migration has always been existed between human settlements at every level. But this issue has intensified in Iran after the 1960s and has increased in the following decades for various reasons, especially economic factors and climate change. The destination of these immigrants were often the metropolises of the country. Mashhad is one of the major metropolises that has always been attractive to the immigrant population, especially from the eastern half of the country. One of the dimensions of migration is immigrant’s accommodation pattern in the destination cities which can affect service delivery, quality of urban environments and even socio-economic context of the city. This study as an applied research is trying to investigate immigrant’s accommodation pattern in Mashhad metropolis and also its relation with marginalization and urban poverty using Descriptive Analysis. According to the results, immigrant’s accommodation pattern in Mashhad is clustered and south-west (regions 9, 10 and 11) and also north-east area (region 3, and region 4 and 2 to some extent) have been immigrant absorbent clusters in Mashhad megacity. Also the results indicate that the immigrants’ residential locations doesn’t match perfectly with city’ margins and there is no meaningful relationship between urban poverty and immigrants’ accommodation pattern.

https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_24745_0cd7dc05d69ef07d497871e5e1b201d4.pdf

University of Isfahan Urban Economics 2588-4867 4 1 2019 08 23 An Investigation of Added Value Impacts of Agriculture, Industry and Service Sectors on Urbanization in Iranian Provinces: An Application of Quantile Regression An Investigation of Added Value Impacts of Agriculture, Industry and Service Sectors on Urbanization in Iranian Provinces: An Application of Quantile Regression 41 54 24753 10.22108/ue.2020.118753.1121 FA Salah Ebrahimi PhD student in Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Masood Khodapanah Associate Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Mansour Zarranezhad Professor of Economics Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Journal Article 2019 08 16 Urbanization has proved to be an inevitable feature of the development of humankind, and an indispensable part of national modernization, closely connected to economic development. In recent decades, Iran has been experiencing rapid urbanization, represented by significant changes in its demographic composition and large-scale expansion of its urban landscape. When it comes to urban policies, investigating the factors affecting urbanization is an important issue. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of added value of agricultural, service and industry sectors on urbanization in Iranian provinces during the period of 2004-2016 using quantile regression method. The results, indicate that the added value of agriculture, service and industry have a positive and significant effect on the rate of urbanization in Iran. Moreover, the inflation rate in urban areas and the urban households’ total expenditure had a negative effect on the urbanization rate. Based on the other results of this study, the effect of agriculture sector and industrialization on high urbanization rates, has been strengthened in high urbanization quantiles. Similar results were obtained for inflation rate and urban household expenditures, although the effects of these two variables were negative. JEL Classification: Q10, O13, R10. Urbanization has proved to be an inevitable feature of the development of humankind, and an indispensable part of national modernization, closely connected to economic development. In recent decades, Iran has been experiencing rapid urbanization, represented by significant changes in its demographic composition and large-scale expansion of its urban landscape. When it comes to urban policies, investigating the factors affecting urbanization is an important issue. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of added value of agricultural, service and industry sectors on urbanization in Iranian provinces during the period of 2004-2016 using quantile regression method. The results, indicate that the added value of agriculture, service and industry have a positive and significant effect on the rate of urbanization in Iran. Moreover, the inflation rate in urban areas and the urban households’ total expenditure had a negative effect on the urbanization rate. Based on the other results of this study, the effect of agriculture sector and industrialization on high urbanization rates, has been strengthened in high urbanization quantiles. Similar results were obtained for inflation rate and urban household expenditures, although the effects of these two variables were negative. JEL Classification: Q10, O13, R10.

https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_24753_62d345e408fdadb39ff3bb9c19e53439.pdf

University of Isfahan Urban Economics 2588-4867 4 1 2019 08 23 Housing choice based on the trade-off between residential location characteristics and housing quality using choice experiment method from homeowner’s household viewpoint in Isfahan Housing choice based on the trade-off between residential location characteristics and housing quality using choice experiment method from homeowner’s household viewpoint in Isfahan 55 70 23909 10.22108/ue.2019.111277.1066 FA Sayed Mohamadreza Miralaei Ph.D Student, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Mahmood Mohamadi Assistant professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Morteza Sameti Professor, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2018 05 31 Appropriate planning for choosing the location of residential units by urban managers, housing construction companies, and urban and rural property organizations involves understanding the preferences of the homeowner's households in this area. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting the choice of house quality and residential location and the extent of the impact of each of these factors on the probability of choice. Choice Experiment Method (CEM) was used to determine the factors influencing housing choice and valuation of housing features. To this end, the desired values were used based on Random Utility Theory (RUT) of a discrete Multinomial Logit Model (MNL) and randomly selected from 300 households in Isfahan city. The data were collected using questionnaires of empirical and face-to-face interviews and analyzed using EXCEL and STATA software. The results showed that the final effect of the variable of increasing the facilities and facilities outside the interior of the home has the greatest impact on the choice of housing, and then the size variable in the choice of housing is very influential. Based on the findings of this study, it was found that the preferences of different households, mainly by prioritizing residential location indicators, could be very important in urban planning. Appropriate planning for choosing the location of residential units by urban managers, housing construction companies, and urban and rural property organizations involves understanding the preferences of the homeowner's households in this area. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting the choice of house quality and residential location and the extent of the impact of each of these factors on the probability of choice. Choice Experiment Method (CEM) was used to determine the factors influencing housing choice and valuation of housing features. To this end, the desired values were used based on Random Utility Theory (RUT) of a discrete Multinomial Logit Model (MNL) and randomly selected from 300 households in Isfahan city. The data were collected using questionnaires of empirical and face-to-face interviews and analyzed using EXCEL and STATA software. The results showed that the final effect of the variable of increasing the facilities and facilities outside the interior of the home has the greatest impact on the choice of housing, and then the size variable in the choice of housing is very influential. Based on the findings of this study, it was found that the preferences of different households, mainly by prioritizing residential location indicators, could be very important in urban planning.

https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_23909_9f23a8ad041131c538be11ae74775d72.pdf

University of Isfahan Urban Economics 2588-4867 4 1 2019 08 23 Creative Class: An Inquiry into the Possibilities of Formation of Creative City in Tehran Creative Class: An Inquiry into the Possibilities of Formation of Creative City in Tehran 71 88 24760 10.22108/ue.2020.119589.1123 FA Nafiseh Azad Ph.D Candidate, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University. Tehran. Iran. Soheila AlirezaNejad Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch. Garmsar. Iran. Amir Nazemi Assistant Professor, Department of Future Studies, Faculty of National Research Institute for Policy in Iran. Tehran. Iran. Journal Article 2019 10 22 The theory of Creative city has been an attempt to respond to changes in modern cities problems in information society. In this theory, cities attract more capital by using creative class abilities in the context of the creative economy and by creating a competitive advantage to attract the creative class. The formation of the creative city is the result of the convergence of three main pillars: the creative economy, the creative class, and the creative community. In this research, first, we examined the economic and social indices of the creative economy in Tehran, and then, using the grounded theory approach, investigated the feasibility of creative class formation and creative communities and also the production of wealth from creativity. Although indicators, such as the educated young population and the rate of knowledge-based firms in Tehran, are among Tehran creative capacities but other economic indicators such as inequality, unemployment and the very small share of new businesses in Tehran's entire economy are preventing the rise of a creative city. Also the findings suggest that creative economic action may be seen in Tehran, but there is no sign of the growth of the class that is able to generate wealth by using creativity. The creation of creative communities is not possible due to the formation of "urban tribes" in Tehran, and the city is a rift rather than a context of creative people. In another paradigm of low prevalence, there are signs of the emergence of a creative economy that has a weak link with Iranian society, a strong desire to invest and exit Iran, and fears of economic and social monopolies prevent it from emerging as a creative class. The theory of Creative city has been an attempt to respond to changes in modern cities problems in information society. In this theory, cities attract more capital by using creative class abilities in the context of the creative economy and by creating a competitive advantage to attract the creative class. The formation of the creative city is the result of the convergence of three main pillars: the creative economy, the creative class, and the creative community. In this research, first, we examined the economic and social indices of the creative economy in Tehran, and then, using the grounded theory approach, investigated the feasibility of creative class formation and creative communities and also the production of wealth from creativity. Although indicators, such as the educated young population and the rate of knowledge-based firms in Tehran, are among Tehran creative capacities but other economic indicators such as inequality, unemployment and the very small share of new businesses in Tehran's entire economy are preventing the rise of a creative city. Also the findings suggest that creative economic action may be seen in Tehran, but there is no sign of the growth of the class that is able to generate wealth by using creativity. The creation of creative communities is not possible due to the formation of "urban tribes" in Tehran, and the city is a rift rather than a context of creative people. In another paradigm of low prevalence, there are signs of the emergence of a creative economy that has a weak link with Iranian society, a strong desire to invest and exit Iran, and fears of economic and social monopolies prevent it from emerging as a creative class.

https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_24760_4b099520aad48a8509895ed4fca3f32d.pdf

University of Isfahan Urban Economics 2588-4867 4 1 2019 08 23 Organizing Plans and Location Decisions of Daily markets in Tabriz (Case Study: 4,7,10 municipal regions) Organizing Plans and Location Decisions of Daily markets in Tabriz (Case Study: 4,7,10 municipal regions) 89 100 25041 10.22108/ue.2020.121570.1134 FA Omid Mobaraki Assistant professor, Department of Geography and urban planning, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran. Monsour Kheyrizadeh PHD Geomorphology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Yosef Mokari M.A. Geography and urban planning, Faculty of human sciences University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran. Journal Article 2020 02 12 Provision and development of the required facilities and amenities for the citizens and a convenient access to them in a way that all people are treated equally, is one of the tasks of urban planners. Cities, regardless of their role and duties, cannot be kept away from commercial activities one of which are local and daily markets. The city of Tabriz, as one of the major metropolises in the country, is facing a shortage of this type of service, and 4, 7 and 10 municipal regions of the city, lack this type of urban service. The purpose of this study is to organize the plan and location decision for the daily markets in these municipal regions using an applied research with descriptive-analytical approach. In order to deciding on markets’ location, all the wastelands and unused lands in municipal regions 4, 7 and 10 of Tabriz were identified. Then, taking into account the population threshold (50,000 people), barren lands with an area of 3000 square meters and more were considered. These lands were determined using GIS software. After the initial screening, selected lands were analyzed based on criteria of their size (land area), landform, accessibility, adaptability, population density, parking, centrality and wasteland. And finally, based on the population forecast of 1405 in the studdied areas, seven daily markets were offered in municipal region 4, and for each of the 7 and 10 regions four markets were proposed based on location indices. Provision and development of the required facilities and amenities for the citizens and a convenient access to them in a way that all people are treated equally, is one of the tasks of urban planners. Cities, regardless of their role and duties, cannot be kept away from commercial activities one of which are local and daily markets. The city of Tabriz, as one of the major metropolises in the country, is facing a shortage of this type of service, and 4, 7 and 10 municipal regions of the city, lack this type of urban service. The purpose of this study is to organize the plan and location decision for the daily markets in these municipal regions using an applied research with descriptive-analytical approach. In order to deciding on markets’ location, all the wastelands and unused lands in municipal regions 4, 7 and 10 of Tabriz were identified. Then, taking into account the population threshold (50,000 people), barren lands with an area of 3000 square meters and more were considered. These lands were determined using GIS software. After the initial screening, selected lands were analyzed based on criteria of their size (land area), landform, accessibility, adaptability, population density, parking, centrality and wasteland. And finally, based on the population forecast of 1405 in the studdied areas, seven daily markets were offered in municipal region 4, and for each of the 7 and 10 regions four markets were proposed based on location indices.

https://ue.ui.ac.ir/article_25041_7de6034954590c31dafa87a3059c0554.pdf